- Gear pitch: 32P (0.8 Mod) and 1 Mod common for 1/10–1/8 vehicles.
- Final Drive Ratio = (Spur/Pinion) × Drive Ratio – aim 9–15:1 for crawlers.
- Use paper mesh method—proper drag fit indicates ideal spacing.
- Keep motor ≤ 160 °F (70 °C); install cooling fans when needed.